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Question: 1
What is species?
Answer: 1
1-104A species is a group of organisms which can interbreed freely in nature to produce fertile off spring.
Question: 2
What are endoparasites?
Answer: 2
2-104Endoparasites are parasite which live inside the body of host e.g. plasmodium, ascaris and entamoeba etc.
Question: 3
What is green house effect?
Answer: 3
3-104The term green house effect refers to the phenomenon in which certain gases called green house gases trap heat in atmosphere like the glass in greenhouse prevents rising warm air from escaping.
Question: 4
Define Ecology?
Answer: 4
4-104The study of interrelationship between organisms and their environment is called ecology.
Question: 5
Define global warming?
Answer: 5
5-104The addition of green house gases in atmosphere these gases increase the temperature of earth is called global warming.
Question: 6
What are primary carnivores? Give example.
Answer: 6
6-104Primary carnivores feed on herbivores. Fox, Frog, birds, many fishes and snakes ete are primary carnivores.
Question: 7
What is effect of global warming?
Answer: 7
7-104Due to global warming, polar ice caps and glaciers are melting faster than the time taken for new ice layer. Due to melting glaciers, river overflow and cause flood.
Question: 8
What are ectoparasites?
Answer: 8
8-104Ectoparasite are live outside i.e. on the surface of host's body e.g. mosquitoes, ticks, lice etc.
Question: 9
What is community?
Answer: 9
9-104All the populations that live in a habitat and interact in various ways with one another are collectively called a community
Question: 10
Define population?
Answer: 10
10-104A group of organisms of the same species inhabiting a specific geographical time is called is population.
Question: 11
Name the types of parasite.
Answer: 11
11-104i. Ectoparasites ii. Endoparasites.
Question: 12
What is deforestation?
Answer: 12
12-104Deforestation means the cutting of forest by natural causes of humans activity.
Question: 13
What are biotic components?
Answer: 13
13-104the biotic components comprise the living part of the ecosystem biotic components are further classified as producers, consumers and decomposers.
Question: 14
What are tertiary carnivores? Give example.
Answer: 14
14-104Tertiary carnivores e.g. lion, tiger etc feed on secondary carnivores.
Question: 15
What are carnivores? Give examples.
Answer: 15
15-104Carnivores feed on other animals eg lion, dog, cat etc.
Question: 16
What are secondary carnivores? Give example.
Answer: 16
16-104Secondary carnivores feed on primary carnivores.Wolf and owls etc are secondary carnivores.
Question: 17
Write condition which influence that organism ?
Answer: 17
17-104An organism environment is the sum of physical (abiotic) and biological (biotic) conditions which influence that organism
Question: 18
What are consumers? What are their types.
Answer: 18
18-104the consumers are the heterotrophs. They cannot synthesize their food and so depends upon producers for food.
types: i. Herbivores ii. Carnivores.
Question: 19
What are herbivores?
Answer: 19
19-104Herbivores e.g. cattle, deer, rabbit, grass hopper etc feed on plants. They are primary consumers. They feed directly from plant and product of plants.
Question: 20
What are abiotic components?
Answer: 20
20-104The abiotic components include non living factors are light, air, water, soil and basic elements and compounds.
Question: 21
Name difference steps of nitrogen cycle.
Answer: 21
21-104i. Nitrogen fixation ii. Ammonification iii. Assimilation
iv. Denitrification.
Question: 22
Waht are omnivores. Give example.
Answer: 22
22-104Omnivores are the consumers that eat animal flesh as well as plants products and plants. Example Man, Crow, Bear etc.
Question: 23
What are phytoplankton ?
Answer: 23
23-104In aquatic ecosystem , the main producers are floating photosynthetic organisms (Mainly algae) called phytoplanktonand shallow water rooted plants
Question: 24
What are decomposers?
Answer: 24
24-104An organism which decomposes the dead bodies and dead matters.
Question: 25
Define ecology
Answer: 25
25-104The study of interrelationship between organisms and their environments is called ecology
Question: 26
Define ecosystem. Give an example.
Answer: 26
26-104A natrual self sufficient unit of an environment that is formed as a result of interaction between its biotic community and the abiotic components is known as an ecosystem.
Example: A pond a lake and a forest are example of natural ecosystem Ecosystem may also be artificial for example an aquarium.
Question: 27
What are primary consumers? Gie example.
Answer: 27
27-104Herbivores are called as primary consumers. They feed directly from plants and product of plants e.g. castle, deer etc.
Question: 28
Define food chain? Give example.
Answer: 28
28-104A food chain is a sereis of an organism within an ecosystem, in which each organism feed on the one before it and is fed by the one after it.
Question: 29
What are decomposers ?
Answer: 29
29-104An organism which decomposes the dead bodies and dead matters
Question: 30
Why carbon cycle is called perfect cycle?
Answer: 30
30-104Carbon cycle is a perfect cycle in the sense that carbon is returned to atmosphere as soon as it is removed.
Question: 31
Define species .
Answer: 31
31-104A species is a group of organisms which can interact freely in nature , to produce a fertile offspring
Question: 32
What is food web?
Answer: 32
32-104A network of food chains which are inter connected at various trophic level
Question: 33
Define ecosystem . Give an example .
Answer: 33
33-104A natural self-sufficient unit of an environment that is formed as a result of interaction between its biotic community and the abiotic components is known as ecosystem
Question: 34
Define ecological pyramids.
Answer: 34
34-104A representation of the number of individuals or amount of biomass or energy present in various tropic level of a food chain.
Question: 35
Define law of thermodynamics?
Answer: 35
35-104Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but can be transformed from one form into another.
Question: 36
What is the importance of nitrogen ?
Answer: 36
36-104Nitrogen is an important and structural components of many necessary compounds like proteins and nuclei acid (DNA and RNA)
Question: 37
What are biotic component ?
Answer: 37
37-104The biotic components comprises the living part (organism) of the ecosystem
Biotic components are further classified as producers , consumers and decomposers
Question: 38
Give example of predator?
Answer: 38
38-104All carnivores animals are predator. For example frog prey upon redator like mosquito and fox prey upon on rabbit.
Question: 39
Write a note on biosphere .
Answer: 39
39-104All ecosystem of the world together form a biosphere
It includes all the ecosystem of the plant earth . In other words the biosphere consists of all organisms present on earth and all region of earths where they live . Biosphere range from the floor of oceans to the top of highest mountains . It is about 20 km thick
Question: 40
Give three examples of carnivorous plants?
Answer: 40
40-104Pitcher plants, sundew, venus fly trap etc.
Question: 41
What are the tertiary carnivores ? Give example .
Answer: 41
41-104Tertiary carnivores are not eaten by any other animals . They are also called top carniovores
Question: 42
What is the primary source of energy for all the ecosystem?
Answer: 42
42-104the sun is the primary source of energy for all ecosystem.
Question: 43
Name the components of ecosystem .
Answer: 43
43-104A ecosystem comprises of two basic components
1: Abiotic component
2: Biotic component
Question: 44
Define symbiosis. Name its types.
Answer: 44
44-104It is the long term relationship between members of different species.
types: Parasitism , Mutualism, Commensalisms.
Question: 45
What is important of nitrogen?
Answer: 45
45-104Nitrogen is an important and structural component of many necessary compound like proteins and nucleic acid .
Question: 46
What is parasitism?
Answer: 46
46-104It is the type of symbiosis in which smaller partner derived food and shelter from the body of larger partner and in return harm it.
Question: 47
Define predation .
Answer: 47
47-104It is an interaction between two animals of different species and between a plant and an animal . In predation one organism attacks , kills , and feed on other organisms
Question: 48
Define population .
Answer: 48
48-104A group of organisms of the same species inhabiting a specific geographical time is called a population
Question: 49
What are top carnivores ?
Answer: 49
49-104Tertiary carnivore are not eaten by any other animals . They are also called top carnivores
Question: 50
What are consumers ? What are their types ?
Answer: 50
50-104The consumers are heterotrophs . They cannot synthesizes their food and so depend upon producers for food
Question: 51
What are secondary carnivores . Give example .
Answer: 51
51-104Secondary carnivore (tertiary consumer) feed on primary carnivores . Wolf and owls etc are secondary carnivores
Question: 52
What is community ?
Answer: 52
52-104All the populations that live in a habitat and interact in various way with one another are collectively called a community
Question: 53
Define number of pyramids .
Answer: 53
53-104It is the graphical representation of no of individual present per unit area at different trophic level
Question: 54
What are carnivores . Give examples .
Answer: 54
54-104Carnivores feed on other animals e,g lion , dog , cat
Question: 55
What are tertiary carnivore ?
Answer: 55
55-104Tertiary carnivore e.g lion , tiger etc feed on secondary carnivore
Question: 56
What are primary consumers ? Give example
Answer: 56
56-104Herbivores are called as primary consumers . They feed directly from plants and product of plant e.g cattle , deer etc
Question: 57
What are producers ?
Answer: 57
57-104Producers are the autotrophs present in an ecosystem
These include plants , algae , and photosynthesis bacteria , which synthesize complex organic compounds (Food) from inorganic raw material
Question: 58
What are herbivores ?
Answer: 58
58-104Herbivores e.g cattle , deer , rabbit , grasshopper etc feed on plants . They are primary consumers . They feed directly from plant and products of plants
Question: 59
Define commensalism . Give example
Answer: 59
59-104It is the part of symbiosis in which one partner is benefied while other is not benefied or not harmed . E.g sucker fish is attached with sucker with shark
Question: 60
What are secondary Carnivores. give example
Answer: 60
60-104Secondary carnivores (tertiary consumers ) feed on primary carnivores . Wolf and owls etc are secondary carnivores
Question: 61
What is the significance of carbon atoms ?
Answer: 61
61-104Carbon cycle is perfect cycle in the sense that carbon is returned to atmosphere as soon as it is removed
Question: 62
What is mutualism?
Answer: 62
62-104the type of symbiosis , in which both partner get benefit neither is harmed.
Question: 63
What is the primary source of energy for all the ecosystem ?
Answer: 63
63-104The sun is the primary source of energy for all ecosystem
Question: 64
Define pyramid of biomass.
Answer: 64
64-104It is the graphical representation of biomass present per unit area at different trophic level
Question: 65
What is nitrification ?
Answer: 65
65-104After the ammonia formation , it is converted into nitrites and nitrates . It is called as nitrification . It is nitrifying bacteria . e.g ( Nitrobacteria)
Question: 66
Define biochemical cycle .
Answer: 66
66-104Biochemical cycle is a pathway through which material moves from environment to organism and back to environment
Question: 67
Define food chain . Give example .
Answer: 67
67-104A food chain is a series of an organism within an ecosystem , in which each organism feed on the one before it and is fed by the one after it
Question: 68
What is urbanization ?
Answer: 68
68-104Urbanization means the growing of cities people more form rural areas to cities in search of better , Jobs , education , opportunities , higher standings of living organisms
Question: 69
Define law of thermodynamics
Answer: 69
69-104Energy neither be created nor destroyed but can be transferred from one form into another
Question: 70
Define ecological pyramids .
Answer: 70
70-104A representation of the number of individuals or amount of biomass or energy present in various tropic level of a food chain
Question: 71
How does material flow over in an ecosystem ?
Answer: 71
71-104The material flow occur from one tropic level to the next by means of food chain and food web
Question: 72
What are omnivores ? Give example .
Answer: 72
72-104Omnivores are consumers that eat animal flesh as well as plants products and plants
For example : Man , crow , bear etc
Question: 73
What are primary carnivores ?. Give example .
Answer: 73
73-104Primary carnivores (Secondary consumer)feed on herbivores . Fox ,frog , birds , many fishes and snakes etc are primary carnivores
Question: 74
Name different steps of nitrogen cycle .
Answer: 74
74-1041: Nitrogen fixation
2: Ammonification
3: Assimilation
4: Denitrification
Question: 75
Define denitrification ?
Answer: 75
75-104It is a biological process in which nitrates and nitrites are reduced to nitrogen gas by denitrifying bacteria . By this process , nitrogen is retuned to atmosphere
Question: 76
What is temporary parasitism ?
Answer: 76
76-104In temporary parasitism the parasites spend most of his life cycle as independent . Only a part of its life spend as a parasites leech ,bed , bug , mosquito
Question: 77
Name different types of interaction in ecosystem ?
Answer: 77
77-1041: Competition
2: Predation
3: Symbiosis
Question: 78
What is biological nitrogen fixation?
Answer: 78
78-104Some bacteria also have ability to transform gaseous nitrogen into nitrates . It is called as biological nitrogen fixation
Question: 79
What are permanent parasitism ?
Answer: 79
79-104In permanent parasitism the parasites spend their whole life as parasites e.g disease of bacteria and virus
Question: 80
What is atmospheric nitrogen fixation ?
Answer: 80
80-104Thunderstorms and lighting convert atmospheric gases nitrogen to oxide of nitrogen . The oxides dissolved in water and form nitric acid . The acid in turn combine with other salt to produce nitrates . It is called as atmospheric nitrogen fixation
Question: 81
What is ammonification ?
Answer: 81
81-104Ammonification is the breakdown of the protein and dead organism and nitrogenous wastes (Urea, uric , acid etc ) to ammonia . It is done by many ammonifying bacteria e.g many bacillus species
Question: 82
What is food web ?
Answer: 82
82-104A network of food chains which are inter connected at various tropic level
Question: 83
Name the types of parasites ?
Answer: 83
83-104Parasites may be
1: Ectoparasite
2: Endoparasite
Question: 84
Give example of predator .
Answer: 84
84-104All carnivores animals are predator b. For example frog prey upon predator like mosquito and fox prey upon on rabbit
Question: 85
Define nitrogen fixation .How does it occur ?
Answer: 85
85-104Conversion of nitrogen into nitrates is called nitrogen fixation . It occurs in following ways .
1: Atmospheric nitrogen fixation
2: Biological nitrogen fixation
3: Industrial nitrogen fixation
Question: 86
Name any two industrial products made by fermentation
Answer: 86
86-1041: Cereal products
2: Diary products
Question: 87
How carbon from atmosphere is brought into living world ?
Answer: 87
87-104The major process that brings carbon from atmosphere into living world is photosynthesis
Question: 88
What are endoparasites ?
Answer: 88
88-104Ectoparasites are parasite which live inside the body of host i-e plasmodium , ascaris and entameoba etc
Question: 89
Define symbiosis . Name its types .
Answer: 89
89-104It is the long term relationship between members of different species
Question: 90
What is the significance of predation ?
Answer: 90
90-104Predation keep prey population under check so as to maintain an ecological balance
Question: 91
What is muatulism ?
Answer: 91
91-104The type of symbiosis , in which both partner (of different species ) get benefit neither is harmed
Question: 92
What is industrial nitrogen fixation ?
Answer: 92
92-104In industrial nitrogen fixation hydrogen is combined with atmospheric nitrogen under high pressure and temperature . It produce ammonia which is converted into ammonium nitrate
Question: 93
What are the products of the two types of carbohydrate fermentation?
Answer: 93
93-1041: Acholic fermentation e.g Acetaldehyde is reduced to ethanol
2: Lactic acid fermentation e.g Production of various types of cheese by milk
Question: 94
Define global warming .
Answer: 94
94-104The addition of green house gases (e.g carbon dioxide , methane , ozone ) in atmosphere these gases increase the temperature of earth is called global warming
Question: 95
Give three examples of carnivorous plants
Answer: 95
95-1041: Pitcher plants
2: Sundew
3: Venus fly trap etc
Question: 96
Give an example how biotechnology is helping for better environment
Answer: 96
96-104Biotechnology has produced Single-cell proteins which are produced by using industrial wastes as raw material for micro organisms . It is used in controlling pollution . The better use of biotechnology is helpful for the betterment of environment
Question: 97
What are acid rains ?
Answer: 97
97-104When rainfall through polluted air , it comes across chemical such as oxides of sulphur and nitrogen . The chemicals interact with water vapour in the presence of sunlight to form sulphuric acid and nitric acid . Theses acid rains remain as vapour at high temperature
Question: 98
What is green house effect ?
Answer: 98
98-104The term green house effect refers to the phenomenon in which certain gases called green house gasses trap heat in atmosphere like the glass green house prevents rising warm air from escaping
Question: 99
For what source plants show competition ?
Answer: 99
99-104Plans show competition for space , light , water and minerals
Question: 100
How would you define fermentation with reference to biotechnology ?
Answer: 100
100-104In biotechnology fermentation means the production of any product vy the mass culture of micro organisms is called fermentation
Question: 101
What is parasitism ?
Answer: 101
101-104It is the type of symbiosis (between members of different species ) in which smaller partner (Parasite ) derived food and shelter from the body of larger partner (host ) and in return harm it
Question: 102
What are effects of global warming ?
Answer: 102
102-104Due to global warming , polar ice caps and glaciers are melting faster than the time taken for new ice layer . Due to melting glaciers , river overflow and cause flood
Question: 103
What is deforestation ?
Answer: 103
103-104Deforestation means the cutting of forests by natural causes or human activity
Question: 104
How rhizobium bacteria from symbiotic association ?
Answer: 104
104-104These bacteria obtain food and shelter from plants while in return they fix gaseous nitrogen into into nitrates for the plant which is required for growth
