10th Class Biology Chapter 7 Short Questions with Answers Solved

Question: 1

Define population?

Answer: 1

1-104

A group of organisms of the same species inhabiting a specific geographical time is called is population.

Question: 2

What are ectoparasites?

Answer: 2

2-104

Ectoparasite are live outside i.e. on the surface of host's body e.g. mosquitoes, ticks, lice etc.

Question: 3

What are endoparasites?

Answer: 3

3-104

Endoparasites are parasite which live inside the body of host e.g. plasmodium, ascaris and entamoeba etc.

Question: 4

What is deforestation?

Answer: 4

4-104

Deforestation means the cutting of forest by natural causes of humans activity.

Question: 5

What is effect of global warming?

Answer: 5

5-104

Due to global warming, polar ice caps and glaciers are melting faster than the time taken for new ice layer. Due to melting glaciers, river overflow and cause flood.

Question: 6

Define Ecology?

Answer: 6

6-104

The study of interrelationship between organisms and their environment is called ecology.

Question: 7

Define global warming?

Answer: 7

7-104

The addition of green house gases in atmosphere these gases increase the temperature of earth is called global warming.

Question: 8

Name the types of parasite.

Answer: 8

8-104

i. Ectoparasites ii. Endoparasites.

Question: 9

What is species?

Answer: 9

9-104

A species is a group of organisms which can interbreed freely in nature to produce fertile off spring.

Question: 10

What is green house effect?

Answer: 10

10-104

The term green house effect refers to the phenomenon in which certain gases called green house gases trap heat in atmosphere like the glass in greenhouse prevents rising warm air from escaping.

Question: 11

What is community?

Answer: 11

11-104

All the populations that live in a habitat and interact in various ways with one another are collectively called a community

Question: 12

Define ecosystem. Give an example.

Answer: 12

12-104

A natrual self sufficient unit of an environment that is formed as a result of interaction between its biotic community and the abiotic components is known as an ecosystem. Example: A pond a lake and a forest are example of natural ecosystem Ecosystem may also be artificial for example an aquarium.

Question: 13

What are decomposers?

Answer: 13

13-104

An organism which decomposes the dead bodies and dead matters.

Question: 14

What are biotic components?

Answer: 14

14-104

the biotic components comprise the living part of the ecosystem biotic components are further classified as producers, consumers and decomposers.

Question: 15

What are consumers? What are their types.

Answer: 15

15-104

the consumers are the heterotrophs. They cannot synthesize their food and so depends upon producers for food. types: i. Herbivores ii. Carnivores.

Question: 16

What are primary carnivores? Give example.

Answer: 16

16-104

Primary carnivores feed on herbivores. Fox, Frog, birds, many fishes and snakes ete are primary carnivores.

Question: 17

What are carnivores? Give examples.

Answer: 17

17-104

Carnivores feed on other animals eg lion, dog, cat etc.

Question: 18

What are secondary carnivores? Give example.

Answer: 18

18-104

Secondary carnivores feed on primary carnivores.Wolf and owls etc are secondary carnivores.

Question: 19

What are herbivores?

Answer: 19

19-104

Herbivores e.g. cattle, deer, rabbit, grass hopper etc feed on plants. They are primary consumers. They feed directly from plant and product of plants.

Question: 20

What are abiotic components?

Answer: 20

20-104

The abiotic components include non living factors are light, air, water, soil and basic elements and compounds.

Question: 21

What are tertiary carnivores? Give example.

Answer: 21

21-104

Tertiary carnivores e.g. lion, tiger etc feed on secondary carnivores.

Question: 22

What are primary consumers? Gie example.

Answer: 22

22-104

Herbivores are called as primary consumers. They feed directly from plants and product of plants e.g. castle, deer etc.

Question: 23

Waht are omnivores. Give example.

Answer: 23

23-104

Omnivores are the consumers that eat animal flesh as well as plants products and plants. Example Man, Crow, Bear etc.

Question: 24

What is the primary source of energy for all the ecosystem?

Answer: 24

24-104

the sun is the primary source of energy for all ecosystem.

Question: 25

What is parasitism?

Answer: 25

25-104

It is the type of symbiosis in which smaller partner derived food and shelter from the body of larger partner and in return harm it.

Question: 26

Write condition which influence that organism ?

Answer: 26

26-104

An organism environment is the sum of physical (abiotic) and biological (biotic) conditions which influence that organism

Question: 27

Define food chain? Give example.

Answer: 27

27-104

A food chain is a sereis of an organism within an ecosystem, in which each organism feed on the one before it and is fed by the one after it.

Question: 28

What are herbivores ?

Answer: 28

28-104

Herbivores e.g cattle , deer , rabbit , grasshopper etc feed on plants . They are primary consumers . They feed directly from plant and products of plants

Question: 29

What is food web?

Answer: 29

29-104

A network of food chains which are inter connected at various trophic level

Question: 30

What is community ?

Answer: 30

30-104

All the populations that live in a habitat and interact in various way with one another are collectively called a community

Question: 31

Name difference steps of nitrogen cycle.

Answer: 31

31-104

i. Nitrogen fixation ii. Ammonification iii. Assimilation

iv. Denitrification.

Question: 32

Why carbon cycle is called perfect cycle?

Answer: 32

32-104

Carbon cycle is a perfect cycle in the sense that carbon is returned to atmosphere as soon as it is removed.

Question: 33

Define law of thermodynamics

Answer: 33

33-104

Energy neither be created nor destroyed but can be transferred from one form into another

Question: 34

Give example of predator?

Answer: 34

34-104

All carnivores animals are predator. For example frog prey upon redator like mosquito and fox prey upon on rabbit.

Question: 35

Define population .

Answer: 35

35-104

A group of organisms of the same species inhabiting a specific geographical time is called a population

Question: 36

Define ecological pyramids.

Answer: 36

36-104

A representation of the number of individuals or amount of biomass or energy present in various tropic level of a food chain.

Question: 37

What are primary carnivores ?. Give example .

Answer: 37

37-104

Primary carnivores (Secondary consumer)feed on herbivores . Fox ,frog , birds , many fishes and snakes etc are primary carnivores

Question: 38

Define law of thermodynamics?

Answer: 38

38-104

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but can be transformed from one form into another.

Question: 39

What are biotic component ?

Answer: 39

39-104

The biotic components comprises the living part (organism) of the ecosystem

Biotic components are further classified as producers , consumers and decomposers

Question: 40

Write a note on biosphere .

Answer: 40

40-104

All ecosystem of the world together form a biosphere

It includes all the ecosystem of the plant earth . In other words the biosphere consists of all organisms present on earth and all region of earths where they live . Biosphere range from the floor of oceans to the top of highest mountains . It is about 20 km thick

Question: 41

Give three examples of carnivorous plants?

Answer: 41

41-104

Pitcher plants, sundew, venus fly trap etc.

Question: 42

Define nitrogen fixation .How does it occur ?

Answer: 42

42-104

Conversion of nitrogen into nitrates is called nitrogen fixation . It occurs in following ways .

1: Atmospheric nitrogen fixation

2: Biological nitrogen fixation

3: Industrial nitrogen fixation

Question: 43

What is important of nitrogen?

Answer: 43

43-104

Nitrogen is an important and structural component of many necessary compound like proteins and nucleic acid .

Question: 44

What are producers ?

Answer: 44

44-104

Producers are the autotrophs present in an ecosystem

These include plants , algae , and photosynthesis bacteria , which synthesize complex organic compounds (Food) from inorganic raw material

Question: 45

Define symbiosis. Name its types.

Answer: 45

45-104

It is the long term relationship between members of different species.

types: Parasitism , Mutualism, Commensalisms.

Question: 46

What are secondary Carnivores. give example

Answer: 46

46-104

Secondary carnivores (tertiary consumers ) feed on primary carnivores . Wolf and owls etc are secondary carnivores

Question: 47

What is mutualism?

Answer: 47

47-104

the type of symbiosis , in which both partner get benefit neither is harmed.

Question: 48

Define ecosystem . Give an example .

Answer: 48

48-104

A natural self-sufficient unit of an environment that is formed as a result of interaction between its biotic community and the abiotic components is known as ecosystem

Question: 49

What is food web ?

Answer: 49

49-104

A network of food chains which are inter connected at various tropic level

Question: 50

Define species .

Answer: 50

50-104

A species is a group of organisms which can interact freely in nature , to produce a fertile offspring

Question: 51

What are top carnivores ?

Answer: 51

51-104

Tertiary carnivore are not eaten by any other animals . They are also called top carnivores

Question: 52

What are secondary carnivores . Give example .

Answer: 52

52-104

Secondary carnivore (tertiary consumer) feed on primary carnivores . Wolf and owls etc are secondary carnivores

Question: 53

What are phytoplankton ?

Answer: 53

53-104

In aquatic ecosystem , the main producers are floating photosynthetic organisms (Mainly algae) called phytoplanktonand shallow water rooted plants

Question: 54

Give three examples of carnivorous plants

Answer: 54

54-104

1: Pitcher plants

2: Sundew

3: Venus fly trap etc

Question: 55

Name the components of ecosystem .

Answer: 55

55-104

A ecosystem comprises of two basic components

1: Abiotic component

2: Biotic component

Question: 56

What are omnivores ? Give example .

Answer: 56

56-104

Omnivores are consumers that eat animal flesh as well as plants products and plants

For example : Man , crow , bear etc

Question: 57

What are consumers ? What are their types ?

Answer: 57

57-104

The consumers are heterotrophs . They cannot synthesizes their food and so depend upon producers for food

Question: 58

Define ecological pyramids .

Answer: 58

58-104

A representation of the number of individuals or amount of biomass or energy present in various tropic level of a food chain

Question: 59

Define ecology

Answer: 59

59-104

The study of interrelationship between organisms and their environments is called ecology

Question: 60

What are the tertiary carnivores ? Give example .

Answer: 60

60-104

Tertiary carnivores are not eaten by any other animals . They are also called top carniovores

Question: 61

What is industrial nitrogen fixation ?

Answer: 61

61-104

In industrial nitrogen fixation hydrogen is combined with atmospheric nitrogen under high pressure and temperature . It produce ammonia which is converted into ammonium nitrate

Question: 62

What are primary consumers ? Give example

Answer: 62

62-104

Herbivores are called as primary consumers . They feed directly from plants and product of plant e.g cattle , deer etc

Question: 63

Define pyramid of biomass.

Answer: 63

63-104

It is the graphical representation of biomass present per unit area at different trophic level

Question: 64

What is the significance of carbon atoms ?

Answer: 64

64-104

Carbon cycle is perfect cycle in the sense that carbon is returned to atmosphere as soon as it is removed

Question: 65

What are decomposers ?

Answer: 65

65-104

An organism which decomposes the dead bodies and dead matters

Question: 66

What are effects of global warming ?

Answer: 66

66-104

Due to global warming , polar ice caps and glaciers are melting faster than the time taken for new ice layer . Due to melting glaciers , river overflow and cause flood

Question: 67

What are tertiary carnivore ?

Answer: 67

67-104

Tertiary carnivore e.g lion , tiger etc feed on secondary carnivore

Question: 68

How carbon from atmosphere is brought into living world ?

Answer: 68

68-104

The major process that brings carbon from atmosphere into living world is photosynthesis

Question: 69

What is the primary source of energy for all the ecosystem ?

Answer: 69

69-104

The sun is the primary source of energy for all ecosystem

Question: 70

What is ammonification ?

Answer: 70

70-104

Ammonification is the breakdown of the protein and dead organism and nitrogenous wastes (Urea, uric , acid etc ) to ammonia . It is done by many ammonifying bacteria e.g many bacillus species

Question: 71

What are carnivores . Give examples .

Answer: 71

71-104

Carnivores feed on other animals e,g lion , dog , cat

Question: 72

Define number of pyramids .

Answer: 72

72-104

It is the graphical representation of no of individual present per unit area at different trophic level

Question: 73

What is parasitism ?

Answer: 73

73-104

It is the type of symbiosis (between members of different species ) in which smaller partner (Parasite ) derived food and shelter from the body of larger partner (host ) and in return harm it

Question: 74

Define food chain . Give example .

Answer: 74

74-104

A food chain is a series of an organism within an ecosystem , in which each organism feed on the one before it and is fed by the one after it

Question: 75

Define denitrification ?

Answer: 75

75-104

It is a biological process in which nitrates and nitrites are reduced to nitrogen gas by denitrifying bacteria . By this process , nitrogen is retuned to atmosphere

Question: 76

What is urbanization ?

Answer: 76

76-104

Urbanization means the growing of cities people more form rural areas to cities in search of better , Jobs , education , opportunities , higher standings of living organisms

Question: 77

What is the importance of nitrogen ?

Answer: 77

77-104

Nitrogen is an important and structural components of many necessary compounds like proteins and nuclei acid (DNA and RNA)

Question: 78

Define biochemical cycle .

Answer: 78

78-104

Biochemical cycle is a pathway through which material moves from environment to organism and back to environment

Question: 79

For what source plants show competition ?

Answer: 79

79-104

Plans show competition for space , light , water and minerals

Question: 80

Name different steps of nitrogen cycle .

Answer: 80

80-104

1: Nitrogen fixation

2: Ammonification

3: Assimilation

4: Denitrification

Question: 81

What is muatulism ?

Answer: 81

81-104

The type of symbiosis , in which both partner (of different species ) get benefit neither is harmed

Question: 82

How does material flow over in an ecosystem ?

Answer: 82

82-104

The material flow occur from one tropic level to the next by means of food chain and food web

Question: 83

What is nitrification ?

Answer: 83

83-104

After the ammonia formation , it is converted into nitrites and nitrates . It is called as nitrification . It is nitrifying bacteria . e.g ( Nitrobacteria)

Question: 84

What is deforestation ?

Answer: 84

84-104

Deforestation means the cutting of forests by natural causes or human activity

Question: 85

What is biological nitrogen fixation?

Answer: 85

85-104

Some bacteria also have ability to transform gaseous nitrogen into nitrates . It is called as biological nitrogen fixation

Question: 86

Name the types of parasites ?

Answer: 86

86-104

Parasites may be

1: Ectoparasite

2: Endoparasite

Question: 87

What are permanent parasitism ?

Answer: 87

87-104

In permanent parasitism the parasites spend their whole life as parasites e.g disease of bacteria and virus

Question: 88

Define predation .

Answer: 88

88-104

It is an interaction between two animals of different species and between a plant and an animal . In predation one organism attacks , kills , and feed on other organisms

Question: 89

Name different types of interaction in ecosystem ?

Answer: 89

89-104

1: Competition

2: Predation

3: Symbiosis

Question: 90

How rhizobium bacteria from symbiotic association ?

Answer: 90

90-104

These bacteria obtain food and shelter from plants while in return they fix gaseous nitrogen into into nitrates for the plant which is required for growth

Question: 91

Give example of predator .

Answer: 91

91-104

All carnivores animals are predator b. For example frog prey upon predator like mosquito and fox prey upon on rabbit

Question: 92

How would you define fermentation with reference to biotechnology ?

Answer: 92

92-104

In biotechnology fermentation means the production of any product vy the mass culture of micro organisms is called fermentation

Question: 93

What is atmospheric nitrogen fixation ?

Answer: 93

93-104

Thunderstorms and lighting convert atmospheric gases nitrogen to oxide of nitrogen . The oxides dissolved in water and form nitric acid . The acid in turn combine with other salt to produce nitrates . It is called as atmospheric nitrogen fixation

Question: 94

What is temporary parasitism ?

Answer: 94

94-104

In temporary parasitism the parasites spend most of his life cycle as independent . Only a part of its life spend as a parasites leech ,bed , bug , mosquito

Question: 95

Define symbiosis . Name its types .

Answer: 95

95-104

It is the long term relationship between members of different species

Question: 96

What are the products of the two types of carbohydrate fermentation?

Answer: 96

96-104

1: Acholic fermentation e.g Acetaldehyde is reduced to ethanol

2: Lactic acid fermentation e.g Production of various types of cheese by milk

Question: 97

Define commensalism . Give example

Answer: 97

97-104

It is the part of symbiosis in which one partner is benefied while other is not benefied or not harmed . E.g sucker fish is attached with sucker with shark

Question: 98

What are endoparasites ?

Answer: 98

98-104

Ectoparasites are parasite which live inside the body of host i-e plasmodium , ascaris and entameoba etc

Question: 99

Define global warming .

Answer: 99

99-104

The addition of green house gases (e.g carbon dioxide , methane , ozone ) in atmosphere these gases increase the temperature of earth is called global warming

Question: 100

What is the significance of predation ?

Answer: 100

100-104

Predation keep prey population under check so as to maintain an ecological balance

Question: 101

Name any two industrial products made by fermentation

Answer: 101

101-104

1: Cereal products

2: Diary products

Question: 102

What are acid rains ?

Answer: 102

102-104

When rainfall through polluted air , it comes across chemical such as oxides of sulphur and nitrogen . The chemicals interact with water vapour in the presence of sunlight to form sulphuric acid and nitric acid . Theses acid rains remain as vapour at high temperature

Question: 103

Give an example how biotechnology is helping for better environment

Answer: 103

103-104

Biotechnology has produced Single-cell proteins which are produced by using industrial wastes as raw material for micro organisms . It is used in controlling pollution . The better use of biotechnology is helpful for the betterment of environment

Question: 104

What is green house effect ?

Answer: 104

104-104

The term green house effect refers to the phenomenon in which certain gases called green house gasses trap heat in atmosphere like the glass green house prevents rising warm air from escaping

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10th Class Chapter 7 Biology Short Questions

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