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Question: 1
Define sporophyte generation?
Answer: 1
1-53In most plants the sporophyte generation is dominant. It is diploid (2N) and produced haploid(1N) Spore by meiosis.
Question: 2
Define gametophyte generation?
Answer: 2
2-53The spores develop into gametophyte generation. The gametophyte is tiny as compared in the sporrophyte.It is haploid and produces gametes by mitosis.
Question: 3
Define Reproduction?
Answer: 3
3-53Reproduction is defined as the production of individuals of the same species i.e. the next generation of species. It is of two types.
1. Sexual reproduction
2. A sexual reproduction
Question: 4
What is parthenogenesis? Give example.
Answer: 4
4-53Parthenogenesis is also considered as a form of asexual reproduction in it, and unfertilized egg develops into new offespring some fishes, frogs and insects reproduce by means of parthenogenesis.
Question: 5
Give examples of animals in which binary fission occurs?
Answer: 5
5-53This type of asexual reproduction is common in planaria and many echinoderm.
Question: 6
What are endospores?
Answer: 6
6-53Spores formation also occurs in bacteria such as clostridium and bacillus species. These bacterial spores are also called endospores.They are thick walled and are formed under unfavorable conditions.
Question: 7
What are rhizomes? Give examples
Answer: 7
7-53Rhizomes are horizontal underground stems with scale leaves, there are enlarged portion called nodes on rhizome. Buds are produced at nodes. the buds present on the upper surface of rhizomes reproduce by rhizomes.
Question: 8
Define asexual reproduction,name its types.
Answer: 8
8-53A sexual reproduction does notinvolve the fusion of gametes types.
1. Binary fission
2. Fragmentation
3. Parthenogenesis
4. Vegetative propagation
5. Spore formation
Question: 9
What are bulbs? Give example.
Answer: 9
9-53Bulbs are short underground stems surrounded by thick, fleshy leaves that contain stored food Roots emerge under the base of bulb which stores food Roots emerge under the base of bulb while shoots emerge from the top of the base.Tulips, onion and lilies reproduce by bulbs
Question: 10
What is flower? What are its whorls?
Answer: 10
10-53Flower is the reproductive structure in sporophyte generations the outermost two whorls in a flower are the non reproductive whorls while the inner two whorls are the reproductive whorls.
Question: 11
What is sexual reproduction?
Answer: 11
11-53Sexual reproduction involves the production and fission of gametes special structures produce sperms and egg cells and there are various method in plants for bringing the sperm and egg nuclei together.
Question: 12
What is seed coat? What is its role?
Answer: 12
12-53Seed coat develops from the integument, originally surrounding the ovule, seed coat in mature seed may be a paper thin layer or thick and seed coat protects embryo from mechanical injury and from drying out.
Question: 13
What is cloning?
Answer: 13
13-53Cloning is the latest method of vegetative propagation. In this method, identical off spring are produced from a single parent using the parent tissue of vegetative cells.
Question: 14
What is embryo? What are its parts?
Answer: 14
14-53Embryo is an immature plant and consist of a radical , a plumule and one or two cotyledones .
Question: 15
Define Retina.
Answer: 15
15-53The innermost and the sensitive layer in the eye.
Question: 16
What is calyx? What is its role?
Answer: 16
16-53Calyx is the outer most whorl and usually green in colour. Its individual units are called sepals. It protect the inner whorl at bud stage.
Question: 17
From what part seed and fruit develop?
Answer: 17
17-53Ovule becomes seed and ovary changes into fruit, after teh act of double fertilization.
Question: 18
What is androecium?
Answer: 18
18-53Third whorl of flower is androecium which is the male reproduction part of flower. Its units are called stamens.
Question: 19
What is gynoecium?
Answer: 19
19-53Fourth whorl of flower is gynoecium which is the female reproductive part of flower its units are called carpals .
Question: 20
Define pollination, name its types.
Answer: 20
20-53Pollination is defined as the transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma. Two types of pollination are recognized.
i. Self pollination
ii. Cross pollination
Question: 21
What are schwann cells?
Answer: 21
21-53The supporting cells around neurons form the myelin sheath.
Question: 22
What is corolla? What is its role?
Answer: 22
22-53Corolla is the inner to calyx. It is often coloured brightly. Its individual units are called petal. They serve to attract bees, birds, etc which are the agents of pollination.
Question: 23
Define colour blindness.
Answer: 23
23-53Genetic disorder in which person fails to recognize the basic colour.
Question: 24
Define parthenocarpy? Give examples.
Answer: 24
24-53In some plants, ovaries develop into fruits without the fertilization inside their ovules.this process is known as parthenocarpy and it results in seedless fruits e.g. bananas and seedless varieties of grapes.
Question: 25
What function of radical and plumule?
Answer: 25
25-53the radical of embryo develops into new root while the plumule develops into new shoot.
Question: 26
What is paralysis?
Answer: 26
26-53Complete less of function by one or more muscle group due to damage in the nervous system.
Question: 27
Define cross pollination.
Answer: 27
27-53Cross pollination is the transfer of pollen grain from the flower on one plant to the flowers on the plant of same species. Cross pollination is brought about by various agencies lime , wind, water, bees , birds, bats and other animals includings man.
Question: 28
Define self pollination?
Answer: 28
28-53Self pollination is defined as the transfer of pollen grain from the anther to the stigma of the some flower or other flower of the same plant.
Question: 29
Waht is the % age of HIV infected people in Pakistan.
Answer: 29
29-53According to UNAIDS estimates, some 70,000 to 80,000 persons, or 0.1 percent of the adult population in Pakistan, are infected with HIV.
Question: 30
Define Receptor?
Answer: 30
30-53The organ tissues or cells which detect particular type of stimuli.
Question: 31
What is epigeal germination? Give examples.
Answer: 31
31-53In epigeal germination, the hypocotyls elongates and form hook, pulling the cotyledon above ground Beans, cotton and papaya are examples of plants that germinate this way.
Question: 32
Define gametogenesis?
Answer: 32
32-53The formation of gametes is called gametogenesis, in this process, diploid gamete mother cells undergo meiosis and differentiate to form mature haploid gametes.
Question: 33
What is nerve impulse?
Answer: 33
33-53Neuron are specialized cells that are able to conduct nerve impulse from receptor to coordination and from coordination to effectors.
Question: 34
Define fertilization. What are its types?
Answer: 34
34-53Fertilization is the process of union of male and female gametes to form zygote.
Question: 35
What is hypogeal germination/ Give example.
Answer: 35
35-53In hypogeal germination, the epicotyls elongates and forms the hook. In this type of germination the cotyledons stay underground Pea, maize and coconut germinate this way.
Question: 36
Difference between thyroid and thyroxin?
Answer: 36
36-53Thyroid: The endocrine gland located in front of the trachea secretes harmones thyronin and calcitonin.
Question: 37
What do you mean by coordination and types of coordination?
Answer: 37
37-53These are the orgam that receive information from receptors and send message to particular orgam for praper action brain and spinal cord are coordination.They are two types of coordination in organisms.
Question: 38
What are sensory nerve?
Answer: 38
38-53The nerve which contain only the axons of sensory neurons.
Question: 39
Define reflex action and reflex are.
Answer: 39
39-53Reflex Action: The involuntary and immediate response to a stimulus.
Question: 40
What are sexually transmitted disease? Give an example.
Answer: 40
40-53Sexually transmitted are defined as diseases that are transmitted through sexual act e.g. AIDS.
Question: 41
What is Insulin?
Answer: 41
41-53The harmone product by the Islets of langerhans lowers the blood glucose level.
Question: 42
Difference between cerebellum and cerebrum?
Answer: 42
42-53Cerebellum:The part of the hind brain and contrails muscles movement.
Question: 43
What are effectors?
Answer: 43
43-53The port of the coordination system that respond when stimulated by nerve impulses or hormones.
Question: 44
Define exocrine gland?
Answer: 44
44-53A gland that discharges its secretion into a duct.
Question: 45
Define Cell body?
Answer: 45
45-53The port of the nerve cell that contain nucleus.
Question: 46
What is Hypothalamus?
Answer: 46
46-53The part of the forebrain below the thalamus control body temperature blood pressure and emotion.
Question: 47
What is Ear drum?
Answer: 47
47-53Tympanic membrane A membrane streched across the inner end of the auditory canal of the ear.
Question: 48
What is tetany?
Answer: 48
48-53A condition that is due to low blood calcium and is characterized by spasms of the hand and feet tetany is generally considered to result from very low calcium level in blood.
Question: 49
Define Pituitary gland?
Answer: 49
49-53The endocrine gland attached to the hypothalamus that controls many other endocrine glands in the body.
Question: 50
How would you associated the role of vitamin?
Answer: 50
50-53Body synthesizes rhodospin from vitamin A and that is why the deficiency of vitamin A cause poor night vision.This problem is called night blindness.
Question: 51
Define Neuron?
Answer: 51
51-53Nerve cell the unit of the nervous system able to conduct nerve impulses.
Question: 52
Define the term hormone and endocrine system.
Answer: 52
52-53The endocrine system chemically controls the various function of cells tissues and organs through the secretion of harmone. The endocrine system include the adrenal gland parathyroid gland pituitary gland and thyroid pancreas and taste.
Question: 53
Define Optic disc?
Answer: 53
53-53Blind spot a point on the retina of the eye where the optic nerve enters the retina no photosensitive cell exit at this point.
